The most dominant religious population in West Virginia is Protestantism. Most settlers before the American Revolution were Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, or members of German sects, such as Lutherans, German Reformed, Dunkers, and Mennonites. Immigrants from Ireland and southern and eastern Europe were mostly Catholics.

In 2000, the major Protestant denominations and the number of their adherents were the United Methodist Church, 150,985; the American Baptist Churches USA, 108,087; the Southern Baptist Convention, 43,606; and the Presbyterian Church USA, 28,467. The Catholic population was 105,363 in 2000. There were an estimated at 2,400 Jews and 1,528 Muslims.